$name_a = array('りんご', 'ばなな', 'すいか', 'すいか', 'りんご');
$test_a = array('あか', 'きいろ', 'みどり', 'きいろ', 'あお');

foreach (array_count_values($name_a) as $name => $count) {
$out = array();
foreach (array_keys($name_a, $name) as $name2) {
$out[] = $test_a[$name2];
}
$color = ($count == 1) ? $out[0] : $out[rand(0, $count-1)];
echo $name . 'は' . $color . '<br>';
}