ちょっと端折って、
Constituent structure is indicated in much greater detail in
mathematical notation than in any other notational framework
with which I am familiar, no doubt because ambiguities of
constituent structure are more pernicious in mathematics than
elsewhere and because mathematical discourse is usually far less
redundant than most other kinds of discourse. This is not to say,
however, that it is represented particularly systematically.
Constituent structure is represented in surprisingly many ways
in mathematics, and many mathematical expressions make
simultaneous use of two or more different devices for representing it.
I am aware of the following ways of indicating constituent structure: